When and How to List References on a CV: A Guide for Job Seekers

Knowing when and how to include references on your CV can make all the difference in your job search. At JM&Co., we understand that every detail counts when you're trying to make the best possible impression on potential employers. While some employers may ask for references upfront, others may prefer them at a later stage of the hiring process.

Here are the best practices for adding references to your CV, including when to include them and how to format them professionally.  By handling your references with care, you can ensure you present yourself as a well-prepared and appealing candidate.

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What Are References on a CV?

References are individuals who can vouch for your employment (generally known as a professional reference), including the dates you were employed, your job tittle, and in some cases your skills, experience, and work ethic (please note that some references may only be able to confirm dates and job tittles). 

It's essential to distinguish between professional and personal references. Professional references are former employers, Team Leaders, Managers, Supervisors, or colleagues who can speak directly to your work performance and capabilities.  Personal references, like friends or mentors, may know you well but won't have direct insight into your professional abilities.

Many job seekers are unsure about whether to include references on their CV. The reality is that references are not always necessary. In fact, adding them without being asked can take up valuable space that could be used to showcase your skills and experience, or sharing professional contact details or sometimes personal information when uploading your CV to job boards etc.  Understanding when to include them is key.

When Should You Avoid Including References on a CV?

This is ultimately up to you; however, here are instances when you might avoid including references when:

• The job advertisement / job listing does not ask for them.
• Your CV is already filled with important information about your skills, experience, and achievements. Use this space wisely to maximise the impact of your application.
• You are generally adding your CV to job boards.

When references are not included on your CV, you may want to add: "References are available upon request" or "Excellent references are available upon request".

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Selecting the Right References:

Once you’ve established that references are needed, it's crucial to choose the right individuals to speak on your behalf. Your goal is to select references who can provide a comprehensive, positive depiction of your skills, work ethic, and achievements. Think about including:

• Former Team Leaders, Supervisors or Managers who can speak about your role, responsibilities, and growth.
• Colleagues who can discuss how you work within a team and your contribution to projects.
• Mentors or professional contacts who can provide insights into your career development and aspirations.

Before listing anyone as a reference, it's important to contact them first. Let them know that you're applying for a new role and ask if they’re comfortable providing a reference for you.  You could share information about the role you are applying for with them.

How to Format References on Your CV

If you do need to include references, it's essential to format them clearly and professionally. Consistency is key, so aim to mirror the overall layout of your CV.  For each reference, be sure to include:

• Name: Full name of your reference.
• Position held in the company / or how the reference is known to you: Their current role or title, or relations to you if a personal reference.
• Manager/Team Leader/Supervisor/Colleague/Friend: Their relationship to you.
• Business Name (if a professional reference): The company they work for.
• Phone Number and Email Address: A reliable contact number and a professional (ideally business) email address.

If you have more than one reference, organising them in a list format helps with readability and ensures the information is easy to locate. You may choose to provide your references on a separate page if you lack space on your CV. In this case, make sure the design and style match that of your CV and cover letter for a cohesive look. 

Looking for additional CV or covering letter Tips?

If you’d like further guidance on preparing your CV, writing cover letters, or any other part of your job application, we have a wealth of resources available. Check out our other helpful articles here.

At JM&Co., we’re here to support you throughout your job search journey. By understanding when and how to include references, you’ll present yourself as a well-organised and professional candidate. 

Good luck with your job search – we're rooting for you!